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Synopsis

Anne-Marie Duff reads an adaptation of 'The Little Mermaid' by Hans Christian Andersen.

The Sea King has six mermaid daughters. The youngest is the most beautiful and has the best singing voice. On her fifteenth birthday, the Little Mermaid is allowed to make her first trip to the surface of the sea. She watches a party taking place on a boat and falls in love with the handsome prince she sees there. A storm comes, the boat is wrecked and the prince seems sure to drown. The Little Mermaid rescues him and leaves him on a nearby beach, where he is found by a girl who fetches help.

The Little Mermaid wishes to become human so that she can see the prince again, even though the life of a human is much shorter than that of a mermaid. She visits a sea witch who provides a potion that will give her legs but at the cost of her beautiful singing voice. Furthermore, every step she takes on her new legs will cause great pain, and should the prince marry someone else, the mermaid will disappear becoming bubbles on the sea surface.

Nonetheless, the Little Mermaid takes the potion and when found on the beach is taken to the palace. The prince enjoys her company but will not marry her as he is waiting to find the girl who rescued him on the beach years before. This girl turns out to be a princess from a neighbouring kingdom.

On the day of the wedding the Little Mermaid鈥檚 sisters appear and give her a knife that they have brought from the sea witch. The mermaid must kill the prince with the knife and allow his blood to drip on her feet. Then she will regain her tail and her singing voice and her painful legs will disappear. But the Little Mermaid cannot bring herself to kill the prince and throws the knife away and disappears. Later, the prince imagines he can see her face when looking at bubbles on the sea.

Download the transcript of The Little Mermaid (pdf)

Curriculum guidance

Tales of Hans Christian Andersen can be used to target a range of Reading and Writing objectives from the KS2 National Curriculum programme of study for English across Y3 to Y6 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and Second Level of the Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland. Specific objectives include increasing pupils鈥 familiarity with a range of texts 鈥榠ncluding fairy stories鈥 and 鈥檛raditional stories鈥.

Pupils have the opportunity to listen to and read a selection of Andersen鈥檚 stories - especially adapted for the age group - and respond through a range of speaking and writing activities. Full details of curriculum links and follow up activities are included in the Teachers鈥 Notes.

Some of Hans Christian Andersen's tales have a dark and pessimistic theme. This means that careful selection of texts is required to ensure age-appropriateness. Please see the teachers' notes below for full synopses and suggestions for use in the classroom.

Download the Teachers' Notes for Tales of Hans Christian Andersen (pdf)

Background

  • The Little Mermaid was first published in 1837 and translated into English in 1872.
  • The best-known film adaptation is the Disney version from 1989, featuring songs such as 鈥楶art of your world鈥 and 鈥楿nder the sea鈥.
  • The most famous and popular tourist attraction in Denmark is a statue - 鈥楾he little mermaid鈥 - set on Copenhagen鈥檚 waterfront.

Reading / listening comprehension

  • Compare the benefits and drawbacks to the Little Mermaid of becoming human 鈥 what do you think you might have done in her situation鈥nd why?
  • The mermaid cannot speak to the prince to tell him how it was she that rescued him
  • in what other ways might she have been able to convey this message to him? Why do you think she does not use these other ways to communicate?
  • Discuss the ending of the story. Why might Andersen have created an unhappy ending in which the Little Mermaid has sacrificed her life for that of the Prince?
  • How could the ending be changed to make it happier? Would this make it a better story?
  • What are the motives for the sea witch for taking the mermaid鈥檚 voice?
  • Compare and contrast this version with other versions of the story you might have seen or heard. How does the story differ? Why do you think the other versions have these differences?

More from the series Tales of Hans Christian Andersen

1. Thumbelina. audio

Anne-Marie Duff reads an adaptation of 'Thumbelina' by Hans Christian Andersen.

1. Thumbelina

3. The Emperor's New Clothes. audio

Sir Derek Jacobi reads an adaptation of 'The Emperor's new clothes' by Hans Christian Andersen.

3. The Emperor's New Clothes

4. The Brave Tin Soldier. audio

David Tennant reads an adaptation of 'The brave Tin Soldier' by Hans Christian Andersen.

4. The Brave Tin Soldier