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Virtual memory

is the use of as additional primary .

There are times when the amount of needed to hold all running and is greater than the amount of RAM available to the computer. When this happens, part of the computer's , such as the , can be used to store data temporarily.

Virtual memory enables data that is in RAM and not currently being used to be transferred to the hard disk. This frees up room in RAM for other programs and data. When the data on the hard disk is needed again, any other unused data is transferred to the hard disk before the original data is transferred back to RAM. This process is known as .

Process of data transfer from RAM to hard disk

Using virtual memory makes a computer run slower, as the processor has to wait while data is swapped between hard disk and RAM. As secondary storage devices have slower access times than RAM, the computer's processing performance can be severely impaired. Processing performance can be improved by increasing the size of the RAM, thereby reducing the need for virtual memory.