Historic figures: S
- Siegfried Sassoon (1886 - 1967) - World War One soldier, poet
- Mary, Queen of Scots (1542 - 1587) - queen of Scotland, executed by Elizabeth I
- Scott of the Antarctic (1868 - 1912) - explorer, died on expedition to the South Pole
- Mary Seacole (1805 - 1881) - 19th century pioneer of nursing
- Ernest Shackleton (1874 - 1922) - Antarctic explorer, led the 'Endurance' expedition
- William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616) - Elizabethan playwright, poet
- Granville Sharp (1735-1813) - leading British abolitionist
- Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) - 19th century Romantic poet
- Adam Smith (1723-1790) - 18th century political economist, wrote 'Wealth of Nations'
- Snofru (reigned c.2613 BC - c.2589 BC) - Egyptian pharaoh, built the first 'true' pyramid
- John Snow (1813 - 1858) - 19th century physician, pioneer of epidemiology
- Spartacus (died 71 BC) - Roman slave and gladiator
- John Hanning Speke (1827 - 1864) - 19th century explorer, discovered the source of the Nile
- The Cambridge Spies - post-war spy ring, passed secrets to the Soviet Union
- Joseph Stalin (1879 - 1953) - World War Two Soviet leader, dictator
- Henry Stanley (1841 - 1904) - Victorian explorer, journalist, African colonialist
- George Starr (1904 - 1980) - World War Two British agent
- Stephen (c.1097 - 1154) - medieval usuper king of England, presided over domestic strife
- George Stephenson (1781-1848) - pioneering Victorian rail engineer
- Marie Stopes (1880 - 1958) - campaigner for women's rights, pioneer of family planning
- William Stukeley (1687 - 1765) - 18th century pioneer of archaeology, investigated Stonehenge
- Suetonius (?) - Roman governor of Britain, defeated Boudicca's revolt