Historic figures: M
- Macbeth (c.1005 - 1057) - medieval king of Scotland, inaccurately portrayed by Shakespeare
- Ramsay MacDonald (1866 - 1937) - first Labour prime minister, 20th century
- Harold Macmillan (1894 - 1986) - post-war Conservative prime minister
- Kirkpatrick Macmillan (1812 - 1878) - Victorian inventor of the bicycle
- Ferdinand Magellan (1480 - 1521) - Portuguese explorer, first European to cross the Pacific
- Thomas Malthus (1766 - 1834) - 19th century economist, developed theories of population growth
- Nelson Mandela (1918 - 2013) - The first democratically-elected president of his country
- Mao Zedong (1893-1976) - Chinese communist leader, founder of the People's Republic of China
- George C Marshall (1880 - 1959) - general, politician, creator of the 'Marshall Plan'
- Karl Marx (1818 - 1883) - 19th century philosopher, developed theory of international communism
- Mary I (1516 - 1558) - first queen of England in her own right, persecuted Protestants, Tudor
- Mary II (1662 - 1694) - 17th century queen of England, co-ruler with William III (of Orange)
- Matilda (1102 - 1167) - heir to Henry I, usurped by Stephen
- Lord Melbourne (1779 - 1848) - 19th century prime minister, favourite of Queen Victoria
- Michelangelo (1475-1564) - Italian Renaissance artist
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) - 19th century philosopher, economist and social reformer
- Claude Monet (1840-1926) - 19th-20th century Impressionist artist
- Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery (1887-1976) - British World War Two general
- Thomas More (1478 - 1535) - Tudor chancellor, resisted England's break with papacy
- Jean Moulin (1899 - 1943) - French World War Two resistance leader, killed
- Lord Louis Mountbatten (1900 - 1979) - The last viceroy of British India
- Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) - World War Two fascist dictator of Italy