In short...
Themes: Christmas; Christmas Eve; peace and goodwill; comradeship; the power of the Christmas 'message'.
Summary: By Christmas 1914 soldiers from the Allied and German armies had dug-in along a trench system reaching from Switzerland to the North Sea. On Christmas Eve the guns fell silent. The following morning - Christmas Day - troops on both sides climbed from their trenches and met together in no man's land, between the battle lines. They shared drinks, played football, embraced, exchanged presents and sang carols. This spontaneous truce was observed in several places along the Western Front, but by no means everywhere. The following day - Boxing Day - the fighting began once again.
Resources: the ; an image of ; a 1 minute slideshow video to play during the reflection.
The video
December the 25th 1914. Christmas Day. It鈥檚 been the strangest Christmas I ever had. Last night at about 8 the guns went quiet. Nothing going over from our side or from their鈥檚. So we just sat in our trench - not quite sure what was coming next - and that鈥檚 when we heard the singing鈥
At first it was just one voice singing in German. We didn鈥檛 understand the words, but we all knew the tune. It was 鈥楽ilent Night鈥. They had the same carol as us.
Next thing we was all joining in so you could hear English voices singing it all down the line and then more Germans joined in and we was all singing it together, them with their words and us with ours.
When we鈥檇 finished with 鈥楽ilent Night鈥 a German shouted out 鈥楬appy Christmas, Tommy! No war tomorrow, Tommy!鈥 We all laughed, but we didn鈥檛 really believe it. This war goes on every day. We couldn鈥檛 imagine this war stopping for Christmas. But it did鈥
At about 8 am a German soldier got out of his trench and just walked towards us through the mist. And then some more Germans came up and they were all shouting and waving too. They were all smiling and laughing. Then a couple of our chaps climbed up and walked towards the Germans and the next thing I knew there were hundreds from both sides getting out of the trenches鈥nd, without really thinking about it, I climbed up too and off I went to join in.
When we all met up in the middle we shook hands and one of their officers shouted out that there鈥檇 be no shooting today and we all cheered.
And then the real fun started. The Germans went back to their trenches and brought out all sorts of stuff to share with us. Brandy, sausages, biscuits鈥ovely stuff some of it. We did the same and gave them cake and whisky, chocolate and bits of Christmas pudding. Then they sang us a song and we gave them 鈥業t鈥檚 a long way to Tipperary.鈥
Then we started looking at each other鈥檚 kit. We put each other鈥檚 hats and helmets on and someone took a photograph of us pretending to be Germans and another one of Germans pretending to be us. There was some more singing and joking and then someone found a football. There were hundreds of men - us in khaki, them in grey - all crashing about in the mud like little kids, hacking away at that ball with our big old army boots.
December the 26th. Boxing Day. The guns started pounding at about 5 am. Looks like Christmas is over for another year. I keep thinking about yesterday. The Germans and us are supposed to be enemies. But yesterday they didn鈥檛 seem like enemies. They didn鈥檛 seem any different to us. They were just men like us, trying to get through this war and go back home. Strangest Christmas I ever had.
A soldier writes in his diary about the events of the famous Christmas Truce during the first year of World War 1.
The truce begins with the guns falling silent on Christmas Eve, a solitary German soldier singing 'Stille Nacht' and the British soldiers joining in with 'Silent Night' from their trenches.
The following morning the soldiers meet in no man's land to chat, play games and share gifts. The unofficial truce lasts a single day. On Boxing Day, the guns begin pounding once more.
Duration: 3' 35"
End of speech: '鈥trangest Christmas I ever had.'
Video questions
- In which year did the Christmas Truce take place? (1914 - first year of WW1)
- What is the title of 'Silent Night' in German? ('Stille Nacht')
- About what time did the Christmas Truce begin on Christmas Eve? (According to our account it began at about 8pm)
- What name did the German soldiers have for British ones? (Tommy)
- What game did the British and German soldiers play together? (Football)
Key links
Download / print the assembly framework ready for use
Click to display the image full-size
Video slideshow for the Reflection. video
Play the 1 minute video slideshow during the period of reflection.
Suggested framework
1. Entry music
The guitar instrumental of 'Silent Night' (also in Related links below).
2. Introduction
Display the . Ask the children to tell you as much as they can about the photograph. Who do they think these men are? Where might they be? When might the photo have been taken? How do the children think the men in the photograph are feeling? Establish that this is a photograph from the trenches of WW1. Tell the children it was taken on Christmas Day 1914, in the middle of that terrible war. Ask: 'What do you think Christmas felt like to the soldiers fighting the war?' and 'What might they have been thinking about at this time?' Gather the pupils' responses, which might touch on how homesick the men felt, as they thought of peaceful past Christmases and of their families, far away. Then play the video clip. It uses a mixture of real accounts and archive images of the Truce, together with stills that illustrate wartime conditions at the front.
3. The video
Play the video. The duration is 3' 35" and the final words are: '鈥trangest Christmas I ever had.'
4. After the video
You could use the Video questions (above) to help pupils focus on details from the video clip.
5. Time to talk
Choose one child to read aloud the line: 'We didn't understand the words, but we all knew the tune. It was 'Silent Night'. They had the same carol as us!' Ask: 'Why do you think the German soldiers singing 'Stille Nacht' made such an impression on the British soldiers?' [The children might respond that the singing showed the British troops how much they had in common with the men they were fighting and that people on the two sides of the front line were not so different.] Ask: 'What can we learn today from the Christmas Truce?' [Guide the children's responses towards the idea that the Christmas story is so powerful it can stop a war in its tracks - even if only briefly - and that the things that unite us as human beings are stronger than the things which divide us. Follow up activities could include reciting the first verse of the carol in both English and German and a range of drama activities based on the Truce.
6. Opportunity to sing
You could sing the carol 'Silent Night'. There are links to videos of both an instrumental and a vocal version in Suggested songs below. Both videos include the text of the song to sing along with.
7. Opportunity for reflection
You may wish to play the Christmas Truce video slideshow (also in Key links above). It lasts for 1 minute and comprises archive images of the Truce. Say the following:
The Christmas Truce shows us that we are all human鈥
It asks us to treat others with the kindness and respect we ourselves deserve, to share with them and to show good will towards all people鈥
It shows the power of the Christmas 'message'鈥
As you watch, think to yourselves quietly what the power of the Christmas message means to you鈥
8. Opportunity for prayer
Use your standard form of address ('Dear God', 'Lord Jesus', etc) and:
We thank you for your powerful Christmas message of peace and good will towards all people.
Help us to treat others with kindness and respect, to share with them and to never forget that we are all human.
Amen.
Suggested songs
Song: 'Silent Night' (Solo vocal version)
Silent night, holy night!
All is calm, all is bright.
Round yon Virgin, Mother and Child.
Holy infant so tender and mild,
Sleep in heavenly peace,
Sleep in heavenly peace.
Silent night, holy night!
Shepherds quake at the sight.
Glories stream from heaven afar
Heavenly hosts sing Alleluia,
Christ the Saviour is born!
Christ the Saviour is born!
Silent night, holy night!
Son of God, love's pure light.
Radiant beams from Thy holy face
With the dawn of redeeming grace,
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth.
Song: 'Silent Night' (Instrumental arrangement for two guitars)
Silent night, holy night!
All is calm, all is bright.
Round yon Virgin, Mother and Child.
Holy infant so tender and mild,
Sleep in heavenly peace,
Sleep in heavenly peace.
Silent night, holy night!
Shepherds quake at the sight.
Glories stream from heaven afar
Heavenly hosts sing Alleluia,
Christ the Saviour is born!
Christ the Saviour is born!
Silent night, holy night!
Son of God, love's pure light.
Radiant beams from Thy holy face
With the dawn of redeeming grace,
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth.
Song: 'Silent Night' (Full instrumental arrangement)
Silent night, holy night!
All is calm, all is bright.
Round yon Virgin, Mother and Child.
Holy infant so tender and mild,
Sleep in heavenly peace,
Sleep in heavenly peace.
Silent night, holy night!
Shepherds quake at the sight.
Glories stream from heaven afar
Heavenly hosts sing Alleluia,
Christ the Saviour is born!
Christ the Saviour is born!
Silent night, holy night!
Son of God, love's pure light.
Radiant beams from Thy holy face
With the dawn of redeeming grace,
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth!
Jesus Lord, at Thy birth.