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Who were the Greek gods?

Athena and Poseidon were two Greek gods.
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Athena and Poseidon were two Greek gods
  • The Greeks believed that gods and goddesses watched over them.

  • These gods were a bit like humans, but they lived forever and were much more powerful.

  • They felt human emotions, like love, anger and jealousy, and they did not always behave themselves.

  • Every city in Greece had a 'patron' god or goddess. People believed patron gods protected them from harm.

Athena and Poseidon were two Greek gods.
Image caption,
Athena and Poseidon were two Greek gods
A Greek coin showing Pegasus and the goddess Athena.
Image caption,
A Greek coin showing Pegasus and the goddess, Athena.
  • The Greeks thought the gods lived high above Mount Olympus, in a palace in the clouds. From here, they kept an eye on life below.

  • From time to time, gods would interfere in what was going on. They could send storms if they were angry and decide who was victorious in wars.

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Greek gods and goddesses

Each god and goddess had power over a different aspect of life or the world. Click below to find out a bit more about them.

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What were Greek temples like?

  • The Greeks built temples to their gods and goddesses. Some temples were small, while others were very grand and beautiful with amazing decorations.
The Parthenon on top of the Acropolis
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The most famous temple in Greece was the Parthenon in Athens. Inside stood a giant statue of Athena, the patron goddess of the city.
  • When people needed help from the gods, they went to the temple to pray. They might go if they were feeling sick, going on a journey or worried about the harvest on the farm.

  • To please the gods, people brought gifts of money, flowers, food and drink. They offered these gifts as sacrifices.

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Who was the Greeks' favourite hero?

  • The Greeks loved to share stories about brave heroes and their great adventures.
Heracles takes aim of his bow and arrow at the approaching metallic Stymphalian birds
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One of the 12 legendary tasks of Heracles was to defeat the Stymphalian birds. These man-eating metallic birds were the pets of the god Ares.
  • Everyone鈥檚 favourite hero was Heracles (the聽Romans called him Hercules).聽Heracles was Zeus鈥檚 son. He was so strong he could kill a lion with his bare hands.

  • He also sailed with Jason and the Argonauts to find the Golden Fleece and he performed 12 鈥榠mpossible鈥 tasks.

  • Heracles was very brave, but he was killed when he was tricked into putting on a poisoned robe. However, Zeus liked Heracles so much that he took him to Mount Olympus and made him immortal.

Watch: The story of Perseus

Watch the video below to find out how another famous Greek hero, Perseus, killed a monster called Medusa.

Medusa was a Gorgon who had venomous snakes instead of hair. She could turn people to stone just by looking at them.

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What happened to Greeks when they died?

The three headed dog, Cerberus, guarding the Underworld.
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The entrance to the Underworld was guarded by a three headed dog called Cerberus.
  • The Greeks believed that the dead went to the Underworld. This was an underground kingdom ruled by the god Hades.

  • To reach the Underworld, dead souls had to cross the River Styx. A grumpy ferryman called Charon would take them across, but only if they paid him. So Greeks would place a coin in the mouth of a dead person at funerals, to make sure they could pay the fare.

  • After crossing the River Styx, three judges decided where the dead person should spend eternity. If they鈥檇 been really good, they were sent to live happily forever in the Elysian Fields.

  • If they had been ok, they were sent to the Asphodel Meadows.

  • But if they had been really bad, they ended up in Tartarus. This was a really horrible pit where their soul was tortured for all eternity.

The three headed dog, Cerberus, guarding the Underworld.
Image caption,
The entrance to the Underworld was guarded by a three headed dog called Cerberus.
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Activities

Activity 1: Quiz 鈥 Greek gods and heroes

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Game: The Argo Odyssey

Argo the dog is missing! He was last spotted inside a magnificent temple.

Play the game to make a sacred offering to the gods and goddesses. There are lots more mini-games and puzzles about life in Ancient Greece. Escape from the Minotaur's maze and defeat the terrifying Medusa.

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Teaching resources

Looking for more content on Ancient Greece to share with your students? This collection of short videos is about Ancient Greek civilisation and some of the most popular Ancient Greek myths retold in a bold 'anime', comic book style.

91热爆 Teach has thousands of free, curriculum-linked resources to help deliver lessons - all arranged by subject and age group.

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Bitesize Primary games. game

Play fun and educational primary games in science, maths, English, history, geography, art, computing and modern languages.

Bitesize Primary games
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