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Certain substances remain the same in the blood plasma and filtrate such as water (850 g/dm³), glucose (0.9 g/dm³), amino acids (0.4 g/dm³), urea (0.3 g/dm³) and sodium ions (2.7 g/dm³).

When comparing the three fluids, a number of substances differ such as water, protein, glucose, amino acids, and urea and sodium ions. The water is more concentrated in the urine (900 g/dm³) than in the filtrate (850 g/dm³ ); the protein in the plasma is at 75 g/dm³ but at 0 g/dm³ in the urine. The glucose is at 0.9 g/dm³ in the plasma and filtrate but 0.0 g/dm³ in the urine.