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It鈥檚 one of the most exciting nights of the year 鈥 but Bonfire Night isn鈥檛 for everyone.

We all know that our furry friends prefer to be indoors to avoid the fireworks, but there are plenty of young children who are put off by the loud noises too.

It鈥檚 a common fear for children, along with things like being scared of the dark, certain animals, or the idea of a monster under the bed.

We spoke to child psychologist Claire Halsey to find out how you can support your little ones when something scares them.

Three kids and two mums are watching fireworks on Bonfire Night out of the window. They are wearing big coats and wooly hats.
Image caption,
Children can be scared of all sorts of things, real and imaginary. It's common for preschool-age children to develop fears about things like Bonfire Night.

The startle response or reflex

Loud noises, such as fireworks, can be one of the earliest things that frightens a child. Sudden, surprising sounds can startle very young children 鈥 but Claire says that鈥檚 completely normal.

She said: 鈥淭hey are fairly automatic responses. A loud noise or somebody approaching you very quickly can feel like a threat.

鈥淎s children get older, from 18 months or two years, other fears start to arise. Things like Bonfire Night, it鈥檚 full of bright lights with noises at any moment. It鈥檚 a startle response that engenders some fear.

鈥淚t can then become a little bit fixed, so a child starts to anticipate noises, which reinforces the anxiety.鈥

As they get older and their imagination grows, their potential to be afraid of things increases.

A character in a film or even the friendliest monster in a book could induce a worry or a fear within a child.

Keep calm and carry on

It鈥檚 often how a parent or carer reacts to those new fears that can shape the child鈥檚 progress with dealing with it.

Claire says that certain worries can be catching 鈥 and that could be inadvertently influencing a child.

鈥淚f a parent or carer is quite nervous or anxious about something, that very quickly transmits to a child. If an adult says 鈥極h no, you don鈥檛 like that, shall we avoid it?鈥 then you鈥檙e actually tuning the child into that fear and reinforcing it.

鈥淚t鈥檚 reminding the child that they are afraid.鈥

So, if your child tells you they are afraid of something, what is the best thing you can do to support them?

Finding ways to help them to remain calm or to tackle it in stages can be a good way to start.

Claire recommends basic breathing exercises and, if they鈥檙e a little older, to talk to them about it.

鈥淚f you remain very calm and focused when you鈥檙e talking about it, you can find out exactly what it is they might be worried about,鈥 she said.

鈥淪ometimes it isn鈥檛 exactly what you might think, so talking about it and using strategies to unpick it can help you really understand what it is that鈥檚 worrying them.

鈥淒on鈥檛 dismiss it. You can normalise it, acknowledge it and ask them to tell you a bit more about it.鈥

A young boy in a big coat and wearing gloves is holding 2 sparklers in his hands.
Image caption,
Staying calm is one of the best things you can do as a parent when your child opens up about their fears.

Don鈥檛 face your fears

Forcing a child to confront the thing they鈥檙e scared of may well end in more tears but taking a graded approach could help them understand the problem.

With loud noises as an example, Claire recommends starting by playing games where there might be a lot of noises. You could try making animal noises or playing a loud game of peekaboo.

Try pre-empting the sudden sounds by asking them if a noise is coming, make it fun and acknowledge that it was loud.

This can help them to start to build up a tolerance in a gradual way.

It鈥檚 best to avoid telling them that they鈥檙e being brave or courageous, as this may imply to them that it was something to be worried about in the first place.

For similar reasons, if they鈥檙e worried about monsters under the bed, try not to check for them 鈥 that can make them think that you鈥檙e looking for something that potentially could have been there.

However you鈥檙e planning on speaking with your child about their worries, Claire says the most important things are to stay calm and not to put the process off.

鈥淔ear can be productive, we have that emotion to keep ourselves safe, but the difference is with fears that are unhelpful and stop a child having a full experience.

鈥淧ushing them to face a situation can actually make things a lot worse, so staying calm is really helpful.

鈥淚t can be irritating if the child doesn鈥檛 want to do something that they need to do but a slow calm approach will help them gradually reduce their anxiety and they will model your behaviour.

鈥淏ut don鈥檛 leave it. In some cases, children will grow out of it, but we do have quite a high rate of childhood anxiety in this country. If you can step in, support your child to tolerate it and even turn it into something they can cope well with, then it鈥檚 much more helpful.鈥

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