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  • Body systems

    • Co-ordination and control (CCEA)

      The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS controls and coordinates responses between receptors and effectors.

    • Reproduction, fertility and contraception (CCEA)

      Most animals carry out sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the joining of two sex cells (gametes) – the sperm (male gamete) and the egg/ovum (female gamete).

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