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The Battle of Blenheim
The Duke of Marlborough commanded the alliance of the Dutch Republic, the Holy Roman Empire, Britain and later Portugal and the German States against France in the War of Spanish Succession. In 1704 the fortunes of Marlborough and the Alliance were at a low ebb but in 1704 that would change. Marlborough marched his army from the Netherlands to Austria and the Danube. He beat the French army at Blenheim. Two years later another huge victory was won at Ramillies.
At home the Tories were in power with the country being governed by Marlborough, Godolphin and Harley with the Queen and the Duchess of Marlborough.
Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford & Mortimer |
ROBERT HARLEY, FIRST EARL OF OXFORD & MORTIMER (1661-1724)- Son of a Presbyterian gentleman
- Grew up as a religious Dissenter
- In 1688 fought successfully at Worcester for William of Orange and emerged as leader of the Country Whigs
- In 1701 became Speaker of Parliament
- Confidant of Sidney Godolphin and John Churchill
- Established the disastrous South Sea Company to complement the Bank of England as a holder of the National Debt
- Became Lord Treasurer in 1711
- Dismissed under suspicion of involving himself in a Jacobite plot
Queen Anne loathed the Whigs. She was pious and regarded them as irreligious.Harley Street in London was named after Robert Harley.
THE EARL OF ORKNEY'S LETTER HOME AFTER THE BATTLE OF RAMILLIES Camp at Beauvechain, twenty fourth of May, seven o'clock: You will be extremely glad to hear we have fought a great battle yesterday and beat the French, and I am in good health, but am hardly able to hold up my head, I am so weary and faint, for it is forty eight hours I have not eaten nor drunk, but once or twice a glass of wine and a bit of bread. We are now met with the left of the army, for all night we knew nothing of the one another, and Mr Lumley and I had resolved to march straight to the Dyle to their lines. But here we are endeavouring to make camp and form in some order, for we look like a beaten army.
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1694 | Death of Mary II
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1701 | Death of James II Louis XIV of France recognizes the Old Pretender as king
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1702 | Anne becomes queen
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1704 | Battle of Blenheim
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1706 | Battle of Ramilles
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1707 | Act of Union with Scotland
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1709 | Sacheverell impeached
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1711 | Marlborough dismissed
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1714 | Death of Queen Anne Death of Sophia, Electress of Hanover George I becomes King
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