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	3 Oct 2014

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Robert The Bruce, I, of Scotland

The Maid of Norway and Robert the Bruce
In 1290 there was relative peace between England and Scotland. Edward was asked to arbitrate between the two strongest claimants for the Scottish throne: John Balliol and Robert the Bruce. Edward chose Balliol and expected him to become his puppet. The Scots were wise to this and although they accepted John as their king they insisted on a council of 12 Scottish lords to look after the rights of Scotland.

At this point Edward's attentions were required in France and he spent the rest of his reign struggling with north and south. The Scots saw their opportunity and allied themselves with the French. Edward was furious and marched on Berwick capturing Balliol, Edward's success continued until William Wallace rose to lead the Scottish and won a victory at Stirling Bridge, only to be defeated a year later at Falkirk.

In 1306 Robert the Bruce was crowned and defeated at Methven. He rose again in 1307 and Edward I died on the road to meet him.

JOHN BALLIOL (c. 1250-1313)

John Balliol, King of Scots (1293-1296), was awarded the crown by Edward I. He rebelled against England and was captured in July 1296 and imprisoned in the Tower of London. In 1299, he was released into papal custody and handed over to the French. He spent the last decade of his life in exile.
ROBERT THE BRUCE (ROBERT I) (1274-1329)
King of Scots (1306-1329)
Fought not only with the English but also with the Balliols who questioned his right to the throne
Enthroned at Scone and committed to war and Scottish independence
Defeated at Methven in 1306 and became a fugitive
The succession of Edward II in 1307 saved his cause.
Won a victory at Bannockburn in 1314
The English finally recognized his kingship in the treaty of Northampton in 1328

did you know?
While hiding out on Rathlin Island, Robert the Bruce was inspired by a spider to return to Scotland and fight for his country.

The clans of Scotland were so strong that Robert the Bruce would not fight in The Wars of Scottish Independence while they were fought in the name of John Balliol, hence William Wallace's rise to power.

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1291 Edward arbitrates over Scottish succession

1292 John Balliol, king of Scots

1296 Edward begins his campaign in Scotland
Defeats Balliol who finally goes into exile in France

1306 Robert I, the Bruce, king of Scotland

1307 Edward I dies
Edward II becomes king

1314 English defeated at Bannockburn

1328 Edward II recognizes Robert the Bruce in the treaty of
Northampton

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